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Eye irritation studies are conducted to assess the potential of a substance to cause harmful or reversible effects to the eyes. These studies are crucial for ensuring the safety of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and various consumer products that may come into direct or accidental contact with the eyes.
Such studies help identify:
Redness – indicating irritation of the conjunctiva (the eye’s outer membrane)
Swelling (edema) – showing tissue reaction or inflammation
Tearing or discharge – signs of discomfort or response to exposure
Corneal damage – which may affect vision and require medical attention
Reversibility of effects – determining if damage heals over time or is permanent
Eye irritation tests are used in both regulatory safety assessments and product development. Modern approaches aim to replace or reduce animal testing through validated in vitro alternatives such as reconstructed human corneal models, aligning with ethical and scientific advancements.
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